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Effects of miR-200c on the migration and invasion abilities of human prostate cancer Du145 cells and

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 456-463 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0353-z

摘要：

microRNAs (miRNAs) have played a key role in human tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. On the one hand, miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in many types of human cancer; on the other hand, miRNAs can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes that target many cancer-related genes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miRNA-200c (miR-200c) on the biological behavior and mechanism of proliferation, migration, and invasion in the prostate cancer cell line Du145. In this study, Du145 cells were transfected with miR-200c mimics or negative control miR-NC by using an X-tremeGENE siRNA transfection reagent. The relative expression of miR-200c was measured by RT-PCR. The proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of Du145 cells were detected by CCK8 assays, migration assays and invasion assays, respectively. The expressions of ZEB1, E-cadherin, and vimentin were observed by western blot. Results showed that DU145 cells exhibited a high expression of miR-200c compared with immortalized normal prostate epithelial cell RWPE-1. Du145 cells were then transfected with miR-200c mimics and displayed lower abilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion than those transfected with the negative control. The protein levels of ZEB1 and vimentin were expressed at a low extent in Du145 cells, which were transfected with miR-200c mimics; by contrast, E-cadherin was highly expressed. Hence, miR-200c could significantly inhibit the proliferation of the prostate cancer cell line Du145; likewise, miR-200c could inhibit migration and invasion by epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

关键词： miR-200c proliferation migration invasion prostate cancer Du145 cell ZEB1

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Effects of galectin-3 inhibition on endometrial cell cycle and adhesion

LEI Caixia, ZHANG Wei, SUN Xiaowei, DU Guoping, WANG Li, LIU Yinkun

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 390-397 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0076-5

摘要： Galectin-3 (gal-3) and its ligands have been implicated in cell transformation and cancer metastasis. Gal-3 protein has been found in uterine epithelial cells adjacent to implanting blastocysts in different cell types. In order to investigate the role of gal-3 in the establishment of human endometrial receptivity, the expression of gal-3 in human endometrial cell line RL95-2 was silenced by RNA interference technology using gal-3 specific small RNA. The expression of gal-3 was detected by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. After the suppression of gal-3, cell cycle changes and the expression of integrin 1 were detected by flow cytometry. The adhesive ability of RL95-2 cells was analyzed by the adhesion test. Gal-3 siRNA transfection efficiency reached 70%–90%. The expression of gal-3 mRNA and protein in RL95-2 cells was strongly inhibited by 70%–90% after RNA interference. Inhibition of gal-3 expression decreased S-phase but increased G1 phase cells. Integrin 1 expression was down-regulated, and the adhesive ability of RL95-2 cells to fibronectin (FN) was significantly reduced. Gal-3 may be involved in the establishment of endometrial receptivity by regulating the proliferation and adhesion of endometrial cells. The influence on adhesion may be related with the integrin modulation.

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基于集成液体交换的微流控芯片的完整单细胞动态变形测量 Article

Xu Du, Di Chang, Shingo Kaneko, Hisataka Maruyama, Hirotaka Sugiura, Masaru Tsujii, Nobuyuki Uozumi,

《工程（英文）》 2023年第24卷第5期页码 94-101 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.020

摘要：

本文报道了采用一种集成了力感应和液体交换功能的微流控芯片来测量单细胞力学性能的方法。使用光学镊子操纵和定位在推力探针和力传感器探针之间的单个细胞。这两个芯片上的探针被设计用来捕获和使细胞变形。通过移动由外力驱动的推力探针，而使单个细胞变形。层流在探针之间形成液-液界面以改变细胞外环境。通过控制注入压力来改变界面的位置。通过调整两个正压力和一个负压力来平衡流动的扩散和扰动。在微流控芯片中测定了不同渗透浓度环境下的单个集胞藻（Synechocystis）菌株PCC 6803 的力学性能。在0.3~0.7 s 内实现液体交换过程，同时也显示了单个细胞的动态变形。可以在30 s 内收集不同渗透浓度下两个杨氏模量值的测量结果以及单个细胞在渗透压冲击下的动态响应。研究了野生型（WT）和突变型集胞藻细胞的动态变形，揭示了机械敏感（MS）通道的功能机制。该系统提供了一种监测单个完整细胞响应快速外部渗透变化的实时力学动力学的新方法；因此，该系统为准确描述细胞中MS通道的生理功能提供了新的机会。

关键词：微流控芯片力学性能动态变形单细胞液体交换

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一种新颖的多小区正交频分多址中继网络资源优化分配算法 Article

Ning DU,Fa-sheng LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第8期页码 825-833 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500294

摘要：在蜂窝网络中，用户通过各自的基站相互通信，且通常位于不同的小区内。对于用户来说，基站相当于一个解码转发中继节点。除了这种传统的用户之外，我们认为相互之间需要通信的用户还可以位于同一小区内，由此产生小区内通信。在这种情况下，基站可作为双向中继取代传统的解码转发中继，实现信息交换。多小区正交频分多址网络同时包含了这两种类型的用户。其中，资源优化分配是我们的研究重点。特别地，我们联合优化子载波分配、子载波成对和功率分配，从而最大化加权速率。通过拉格朗日对偶分解近似求解在用户功率固定的情况下基站资源的最优化问题。仿真结果表明，本文提出的策略优于现有的策略。

关键词：双向中继；子载波分配；子载波成对

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U-shaped association between telomere length and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk: a case-control

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 478-486 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0420-0

摘要：

Telomeres play a critical role in biological ageing by maintaining chromosomal integrity and preventing chromosome ends fusion. Epidemiological studies have suggested that inter-individual differences of telomere length could affect predisposition to multiple cancers, but evidence regarding esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was still uncertain. Several telomere length-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (TL-SNPs) in Caucasians have been reported in genome-wide association studies. However, the effects of telomere length and TL-SNPs on ESCC development are unclear. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study (1045 ESCC cases and 1433 controls) to evaluate the associations between telomere length, TL-SNPs, and ESCC risk in Chinese population. As a result, ESCC cases showed overall shorter relative telomere length (RTL) (median: 1.34) than controls (median: 1.50, P<0.001). More interestingly, an evident nonlinear U-shaped association was observed between RTL and ESCC risk (P<0.001), with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) equal to 2.40 (1.84–3.14), 1.36 (1.03–1.79), 1.01 (0.76–1.35), and 1.37 (1.03–1.82) for individuals in the 1st (the shortest), 2nd, 3rd, and 5th (the longest) quintile, respectively, compared with those in the 4th quintile as reference group. No significant associations were observed between the eight reported TL-SNPs and ESCC susceptibility. These findings suggest that either short or extremely long telomeres may be risk factors for ESCC in the Chinese population.

关键词： esophageal squamous cell carcinoma telomere length genetic variants susceptibility genome-wide association study

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基于一维纳米结构阵列的质子交换膜燃料电池电极设计的研究进展 Review

杜尚峰

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第1期页码 33-49 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.014

摘要：

一维（1D）铂基电催化剂对氧还原反应（ORR）展现出了良好的催化活性和稳定性。基于一维铂基纳米结构阵列的三维（3D）有序电极的研究进展表明，它们在解决现有铂/碳（Pt/C）纳米颗粒电极在高性能质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的传质特性和持久性挑战方面具有巨大的潜力。本文综述了该领域的最新进展，重点介绍了基于独立的铂纳米线阵列的三维有序结构电极，讨论了纳米结构薄膜（NSTF）催化剂以及沉积在聚合物纳米线、碳和二氧化钛纳米管阵列上的铂基纳米颗粒电极，并回顾了铂基纳米管阵列电极的研究进展。本文指出了一维催化剂纳米结构的尺寸、表面性质和分配控制的重要性。最后，讨论了一维纳米结构阵列电极在增大电化学比表面积（ECSA）和氧传质阻力定量研究方面面临的挑战和未来的发展机遇。

关键词：质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）电极一维（1D）氧还原反应（ORR）催化剂有序化

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培育肉生产技术发展研究

关欣,周景文,堵国成,陈坚

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第6期页码 178-186 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.06.018

摘要：

培育肉指不经饲养和屠宰动物、而是通过体外培养动物细胞来生产获得的新型肉制品，被视为最有可能解决传统牲畜生产导致资源消耗、环境污染、公众健康等问题的有效方案之一。本文概括了培育肉生产流程与关键技术，梳理了培育肉技术的国际发展态势，剖析了我国培育肉技术发展态势及行业发展面临的问题，据此提出我国培育肉生产技术的发展建议。研究发现，培育肉生产涉及细胞生物学、组织工程、发酵工程、食品工程等多学科领域的技术融合与综合运用，世界培育肉技术的发展处于起步和上升阶段；尽管行业领先企业已实现技术集成与产业化示范，但培育肉的工业化生产尚未完全实现，诸多关键技术瓶颈亟待突破。研究认为，我国培育肉行业起步较晚，面临研究基础薄弱、技术研发思路单一、产业化进程缓慢等问题，未来应加大对相关基础研发的政策和资金支持，加强跨行业交流并促进校企合作，注重消费者对培育肉的接受度与口味营养需求。

关键词：培育肉肌肉组织动物干细胞扩增定向诱导分化食品化加工

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p-Cresyl sulfate promotes the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and induces plaque instability by targeting vascular smooth muscle cells

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 320-329 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0463-x

摘要：

Coronary atherosclerosis is a major complication of chronic kidney disease. This condition contributes to the increased mortality in dialysis patients. p-Cresyl sulfate (PCS) is a prototype of protein-bound uremic toxins that cannot be efficiently removed through routine dialysis procedures. In the present study, ApoE^−/− mice that underwent 5/6 nephrectomy were randomly divided into two groups, namely, vehicle-treated group (n = 20) and PCS-treated group (n = 20). Mice were sacrificed for en face and immunohistological analyses after 8 or 24 weeks of high-fat diet. Rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with phosphate buffer solution or 500 µmol/L PCS for in vitro evaluation. PCS-treated mice were observed to suffer increased atherosclerotic lesions after eight weeks of PCS administration. Moreover, 24 weeks of PCS administration also markedly increased the vulnerability index of aortic plaques. PCS was also observed to facilitate the migration and proliferation of VSMCs during the progression of the disease. Moreover, PCS disturbed the balance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases within the plaques. Thus, PCS played a vital role in promoting atherogenesis and disturbing the stability of formed plaques probably by targeting VSMCs.

关键词： p-cresyl sulfate atherosclerosis plaque stability vascular smooth muscle cell

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Characteristics of flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with overlapped helical baffles

Tingting DU, Wenjing DU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 70-77 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0005-8

摘要：

The characteristics of flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with overlapped helical baffles (STHXsHB) were illustrated through a theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The ideal helical flow model was constructed to demonstrate parts of the flow characteristics of the STHXsHB, providing theoretical evidence of short-circuit and back flows in a triangular zone. The numerical simulation was adopted to describe the characteristics of helical, leakage, and bypass streams. In a fully developed section, the distribution of velocity and wall heat transfer coefficient has a similar trend, which presents the effect of leakage and bypass streams. The short-circuit flow accelerates the axial velocity of the flow through the triangular zone. Moreover, the back flow enhances the local heat transfer and causes the ascent of flow resistance. This study shows the detailed features of helical flow in STHXsHB, which can inspire a reasonable optimization on the shell-side structure.

关键词： heat exchanger overlapped helical baffle triangular zone helical flow

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Microfluidics for cell-cell interactions: A review

Rui Li,Xuefei Lv,Xingjian Zhang,Omer Saeed,Yulin Deng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 90-98 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1550-2

摘要： Microfluidic chip has been applied in various biological fields owing to its low-consumption of reagents, high throughput, fluidic controllability and integrity. The well-designed microscale intermediary is also ideal for the study of cell biology. Particularly, microfluidic chip is helpful for better understanding cell-cell interactions. A general survey of recent publications would help to generalize the designs of the co-culture chips with different features. With ingenious and combinational utilization, the chips facilitate the implementation of some special co-culture models that are highly concerned in a different spatial and temporal way.

关键词： microfluidic chip co-culture cell-cell interactions review

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Distinct mononuclear diploid cardiac subpopulation with minimal cell–cell communications persists in

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 939-956 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0987-9

摘要： A small proportion of mononuclear diploid cardiomyocytes (MNDCMs), with regeneration potential, could persist in adult mammalian heart. However, the heterogeneity of MNDCMs and changes during development remains to be illuminated. To this end, 12 645 cardiac cells were generated from embryonic day 17.5 and postnatal days 2 and 8 mice by single-cell RNA sequencing. Three cardiac developmental paths were identified: two switching to cardiomyocytes (CM) maturation with close CM–fibroblast (FB) communications and one maintaining MNDCM status with least CM–FB communications. Proliferative MNDCMs having interactions with macrophages and non-proliferative MNDCMs (non-pMNDCMs) with minimal cell–cell communications were identified in the third path. The non-pMNDCMs possessed distinct properties: the lowest mitochondrial metabolisms, the highest glycolysis, and high expression of Myl4 and Tnni1. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining further proved that the Myl4⁺Tnni1⁺ MNDCMs persisted in embryonic and adult hearts. These MNDCMs were mapped to the heart by integrating the spatial and single-cell transcriptomic data. In conclusion, a novel non-pMNDCM subpopulation with minimal cell–cell communications was unveiled, highlighting the importance of microenvironment contribution to CM fate during maturation. These findings could improve the understanding of MNDCM heterogeneity and cardiac development, thus providing new clues for approaches to effective cardiac regeneration.

关键词： mononuclear diploid cardiomyocytes cell–cell communication cardiac fibroblast single-cell RNA sequencing cardiac regeneration

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Deubiquitinases as pivotal regulators of T cell functions

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 451-462 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0651-y

摘要：

T cells efficiently respond to foreign antigens to mediate immune responses against infections but are tolerant to self-tissues. Defect in T cell activation is associated with severe immune deficiencies, whereas aberrant T cell activation contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. An emerging mechanism that regulates T cell activation and tolerance is ubiquitination, a reversible process of protein modification that is counter-regulated by ubiquitinating enzymes and deubiquitinases (DUBs). DUBs are isopeptidases that cleave polyubiquitin chains and remove ubiquitin from target proteins, thereby controlling the magnitude and duration of ubiquitin signaling. It is now well recognized that DUBs are crucial regulators of T cell responses and serve as potential therapeutic targets for manipulating immune responses in the treatment of immunological disorders and cancer. This review will discuss the recent progresses regarding the functions of DUBs in T cells.

关键词： deubiquitinase ubiquitination T cell activation T cell differentiation T cell tolerance

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Cell surface protein engineering for high-performance whole-cell catalysts

Hajime Nakatani,Katsutoshi Hori

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 46-57 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1609-3

摘要： Cell surface protein engineering facilitated by accumulation of information on genome and protein structure involves heterologous production and modification of cell surface proteins using genetic engineering, and is important for the development of high-performance whole-cell catalysts. In this field, cell surface display is a major technology by exposing target proteins, such as enzymes, on the cell surface using a carrier protein. The target proteins are fused to the carrier proteins that transport and tether them to the cell surface, as well as to a secretion signal. This paper reviews cell surface display systems for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells from the perspective of carrier proteins, which determine the number of displayed molecules, and the localization, size, and direction ( or terminal anchoring) of the passengers. We also discuss advanced methods for displaying multiple enzymes and a new method for the immobilization of whole-cell catalysts using adhesive surface proteins.

关键词： cell surface engineering surface display whole-cell catalysts bioprocess

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Stem cell niches and endogenous electric fields in tissue repair

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 40-44 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0108-z

摘要：

Adult stem cells are responsible for homeostasis and repair of many tissues. Endogenous adult stem cells reside in certain regions of organs, known as the stem cell niche, which is recognized to have an important role in regulating tissue maintenance and repair. In wound healing and tissue repair, stem cells are mobilized and recruited to the site of wound, and participate in the repair process. Many regulatory factors are involved in the stem cell-based repair process, including stem cell niches and endogenous wound electric fields, which are present at wound tissues and proved to be important in guiding wound healing. Here we briefly review the role of stem cell niches and endogenous electric fields in tissue repair, and hypothesize that endogenous electric fields become part of stem cell niche in the wound site.

关键词： stem cell stem cell niche electric field tissue repair

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CAR T-cell immunotherapy: a powerful weapon for fighting hematological B-cell malignancies

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 783-804 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0904-z

摘要： The current standard of care in hematological malignancies has brought considerable clinical benefits to patients. However, important bottlenecks still limit optimal achievements following a current medical practice. The genetic complexity of the diseases and the heterogeneity of tumor clones cause difficulty in ensuring long-term efficacy of conventional treatments for most hematological disorders. Consequently, new treatment strategies are necessary to improve clinical outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) immunotherapy opens a new path for targeted therapy of hematological malignancies. In this review, through a representative case study, we summarize the current experience of CAR T-cell therapy, the management of common side effects, the causative mechanisms of therapy resistance, and new strategies to improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy.

关键词： CAR T cells hematological malignancies review